Differences in Hemoglobin Levels Using Point-of-Care Testing in Capillary and Venous Blood Samples of Pregnant Women

2026-10-04T20:57:03+07:00

Background: Hemoglobin level examination in pregnant women is essential to prevent complications associated with anemia during pregnancy. Differences in sampling methods, particularly capillary and venous blood, may influence the accuracy of results obtained using Point-of-Care Testing (POCT). This study aimed to determine the differences in hemoglobin levels measured using POCT between capillary and venous blood samples in pregnant women at UPTD Puskesmas Kuta II.

Methods : This research employed a simple experimental design with a total sample of 30 pregnant women selected using a quota sampling technique. Hemoglobin levels were measured using a POCT device for both capillary and venous blood samples. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Paired Sample T-Test.

Results: The results showed that the mean hemoglobin level in capillary blood was 12.5 g/dL, while in venous blood it was 12.2 g/dL. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference between the two measurements (p-value < 0.001). The higher hemoglobin level in capillary blood may be attributed to differences in oxygen distribution between capillary and venous circulation.

Conclusion : In conclusion, there is a significant difference in hemoglobin levels measured using POCT between capillary and venous blood samples in pregnant women.

The Relationship Between Widal Agglutination Titer Categories and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Acute Fever

2026-10-04T20:56:46+07:00

Background: Acute fever is a common clinical condition caused by various infectious agents, including Salmonella Typhi. The Widal test is widely used to support typhoid diagnosis because it is simple, rapid, and inexpensive, although its diagnostic accuracy is limited. The Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is a hematological parameter reflecting systemic inflammation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between Widal agglutination titer categories and NLR in patients with fever

Methods : This observational analytical study used a cross-sectional approach. Secondary data were obtained from medical records and laboratory results. A total of 134 patients with fever were selected using purposive sampling. Widal titers and neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were recorded, and NLR was calculated by dividing the neutrophil count by the lymphocyte count. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation test at 0.05.

Results: Moderately positive Widal titers (1:160) predominated, accounting for 29.9% of patients. Low NLR values (<3) predominated at 44.0%. Spearman analysis showed a significant positive relationship between Widal titer categories and NLR (p = 0.030; r = 0.187), with a very weak correlation.

Conclusion: There was a significant positive relationship between Widal titers and NLR. However, the very weak correlation indicates that other factors may influence NLR values.

Journal of Applied Holistic Nursing Science

Differences in Hemoglobin Levels Using Point-of-Care Testing in Capillary and Venous Blood Samples of Pregnant Women

The Relationship Between Widal Agglutination Titer Categories and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Acute Fever